Jan Stuhler, from Universidad Carlos III of Madrid, visited the Navarra Center for International Development to give a seminar about "Educational Mobility Across Multiple Generations in Indonesia". He explained that recent multigenerational studies suggest that conventional intergenerational correlations understate the extent to which educational inequalities persist across generations. 

For the time being, the study of Prof. Stuhler has only been made in Indonesia and it is still unclear whether this pattern extends to less developed nations. 

He suggests that the two main factors that, according to his study, affect multigenerational transmission are financial and credit constraints and cutural norms and marital sorting. Furthermore, Stuhler and his team have estimated multigenerational correlations in schooling across three generations using five waves of Indonesian Family Life Survey. 

Moreover, educational mobility tends to be lower in developing countries due to some reasons like labor market segmentation, greater informational frictions or public spending on education, factor which was also pointed out by some of the participants of the seminar. It also looks like economic shocks like the crisis of 1997 also affect multigenerational transmission in an important way. 

The analyses made by Jan Stuhler suggest that in Indonesia the lower level of multigenerational transmission is more likely to be driven by tighter financial constraints in educational investments, than by differences in marital practices.