Justin Sandefur presented his paper Outsourcing Service Delivery in a Fragile State: Experimental Evidence from Liberia at the 8th NCID Research Workshop. Two salient features important at this project were the low enrollment and the backlog of overage children. The experiment was to outsource education to private management of public schools. 93 schools were randomly selected and managed by 8 private contractors with staffed teachers on government payroll. Did the schools improve their efficiency? Yes, there were learning gains from this outsourcing program from 0 to up to 0.26 deviation whilst the cost was the same as a public school. A big however. The largest provider expelled pupils from schools with large class sizes and removed 74% of incumbent teachers and, what is worst, there where multiple scandals related to child protection.